Which act protects jobs for individuals who go on short military service?

The Uniformed Services Employment and Reemployment Act (USERRA) is specifically designed to protect the job rights of individuals who voluntarily or involuntarily leave their civilian jobs to undertake military service. This act ensures that these individuals can return to their jobs after their service, provided they meet certain eligibility criteria. It also prohibits discrimination against employees based on their military service, ensuring that they are not disadvantaged in their civilian careers due to their time spent serving in the military.

By guaranteeing reemployment rights and other benefits, USERRA underscores the nation's commitment to support its armed forces while maintaining the workforce's integrity and stability. This act encompasses various aspects of job protection, including the right to be reemployed in the same or a similar position, with the same benefits and seniority level, thus ensuring a smooth transition back to civilian life.

The other options do not focus on military service job protection in the same manner. The Americans with Disabilities Act deals with discrimination against individuals with disabilities, Executive Order 11246 pertains to affirmative action in hiring by federal contractors, and the Immigration Reform and Control Act addresses employment eligibility verification for immigrants. None of these address the specific job protections for service members as effectively as USERRA does.