What is variable-interval reinforcement?

Variable-interval reinforcement refers to a schedule of delivering rewards or reinforcements after an unpredictable amount of time has passed since the last reinforcement. This means that the timing of the rewards does not follow a set pattern, which keeps individuals engaged and can encourage consistent behavior over time, as they cannot predict exactly when the next reward will come.

This type of reinforcement schedule creates a persistence in behavior, as individuals may continue their efforts in hopes of receiving reinforcement at any moment that is not clearly defined. Hence, this unpredictability can lead to more sustained engagement compared to other types of reinforcement schedules, such as fixed-interval, where rewards are given at regular intervals and may lead to a decline in effort as those intervals approach.

In contrast, the other options describe different reinforcement schedules that do not align with the concept of variable-interval reinforcement. Rewards at regular and predictable intervals describe fixed-interval reinforcement, while reinforcement after a fixed number of responses pertains to a fixed-ratio schedule. Sporadic rewards depending on performance can align more closely with variable-ratio reinforcement but do not capture the essence of timing associated with variable-interval reinforcement.